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What size solar system do I actually need?

Sizing by bill is quick but rough. Sizing by load is slower but right. This guide does both, and explains why a system that is too big is money you never get back.

8 min read · By Elumina Energy · Updated 10 October 2026

Step 1: start from your bill

Your Kenya Power bill tells you how many units (kWh) you use a month. If you only have the shilling amount, divide it by your cost per unit; our guide to reading your Kenya Power bill shows how. As a rough rule, a KSh 15,000 bill at about KSh 29 a unit is roughly 500 units a month.

Look at several months, not one. A bill from a month with visitors, a broken geyser thermostat or a big order at the workshop will mislead you. We ask for twelve months at survey for exactly this reason.

Step 2: when do you use power?

This matters as much as how much. Power you use in daylight comes straight off the panels. Power you use after dark has to come out of the battery, and a battery holds less than a full day's generation.

  • Daytime-heavy users such as shops, salons, workshops, schools and offices get the most from solar, because generation and use line up.
  • Evening-heavy homes, where most power is used between 7pm and 11pm, still save well, but the battery limits how much of the evening load solar can carry. They see a smaller saving from the same system.

This is why two properties with identical bills can need different systems.

Step 3: count your load

For a more accurate answer, list what you run. Every appliance has a rating plate showing its power in watts (W). Multiply the watts by the hours you use it each day to get watt-hours (Wh). Add them up and divide by 1,000 to get units (kWh) per day.

Appliance (typical)PowerHours a dayUnits a day
10 LED bulbs10 W each60.6
Television100 W50.5
Fridge150 W, cycling on and offabout 8 hours running1.2
Electric shower3,000 W0.51.5
Laptop and phone charging80 W50.4

These are typical figures for illustration only. Read the rating plates on your own appliances, because they vary widely.

The example above comes to about 4.2 units a day, or roughly 126 units a month. Multiply your daily total by 30 to compare with your bill. If the two are far apart, something is using more than you think. Old fridges, water heaters and pumps are the usual culprits.

Step 4: check your biggest appliances

A system has two sizes. The battery, in kWh, is how much energy it can store: the tank. The inverter, in kW, is how much power it can deliver at once: the tap. A big battery with a small inverter cannot run an electric shower and a borehole pump at the same time.

List the appliances that might run together at your busiest moment and add their watts. That total needs to sit comfortably under the inverter rating. Motors such as pumps and compressors draw several times their running power for a moment when they start, so allow headroom for them.

Step 5: match it to a system

Our four standard systems, with the modelled monthly generation of each:

SystemPanels and inverterGenerates aboutOur calculator usually suggests it for bills of
5 kWh4 × 610W panels, 5 kW inverter254 units a monthup to about KSh 10,000
7.5 kWh (most popular)6 × 610W panels, 6 kW inverter381 units a monthabout KSh 10,000 to 15,500
10 kWh8 × 610W panels, 8 kW inverter508 units a monthabout KSh 15,500 to 23,500
15 kWh12 × 610W panels, 12 kW inverter762 units a monthabove about KSh 23,500

Generation figures are modelled from array size, Nairobi peak sun hours and a standard derate factor, and are confirmed at commissioning by a metered reading. Bill ranges assume KSh 29.19 a unit and pick the system with the fastest payback. They are a starting point, not a quotation.

The savings calculator does this matching for you and shows the payback on each option. Full prices are on our solar prices page.

Why bigger is not better

A system that generates more than you can use does not save you more. Solar you cannot use or store is simply not captured, and you have paid for panels and battery capacity that sit idle. The payback stretches and the investment looks worse.

That is why our calculator picks the system with the fastest payback, not the biggest one. It is also why we tell customers with very small bills that solar is not yet worth it for them. Below a bill of roughly KSh 8,000 a month, even our smallest system generates more than you would use, and the payback runs past four years. If your use is about to rise, with a new machine, an extension or a borehole, tell us and we will size for that instead.

Common questions

What size solar system do I need for my house in Kenya?

Start from your monthly units on your Kenya Power bill and when you use them. As a rough guide, our 5 kWh system generates about 254 units a month, the 7.5 kWh about 381, the 10 kWh about 508 and the 15 kWh about 762. Most family homes fit the 7.5 kWh system. A survey of your actual load gives the final answer.

What is the difference between kW and kWh?

A kW is how much power can be delivered at once, like the size of a tap. A kWh, or unit, is how much energy is used or stored, like the water in a tank. Inverters are rated in kW and batteries in kWh.

Is a bigger solar system always better?

No. Solar you cannot use or store is not captured, so an oversized system costs more without saving more, and the payback gets longer. The right size is the one with the fastest payback on your actual use.